https://www.biolscigroup.us/journals/open-journal-of-bacteriology A Peertechz Open Access Journal en-us 25 Sep, 2025 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-9-130.php The cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) mycelium is a potential challenge in agro-biotechnological and food industries, due to the strain-selectivity, specificity, and productivity of growth pattern. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of seven distinct culture media (PDA, WEA, CMA, CYGA, SDA, TSA, and PCA) on the mycelium growth of P. ostreatus. They were assessed in in-vitro aseptic conditions in a randomized design with five replicates. The radial mycelium development of P. ostreatus was monitored and documented every 48 hours for eight days in all seven media. The findings of the experiment showed that after completion of the second day of incubation, there was an insignificant difference (p<0> SDA > TSA > CYGA > PCA > CMA. The capacity of the study is also to modify the culture technique for optimized growth of P. ostreatus for the method’s greatest advantage. 09 Sep, 2025 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-9-129.php Biofilm maturation is the stage in the biofilm lifecycle when bacterial cells in biofilm communicate with each other and grow. The development of biofilms is an essential survival strategy for numerous microbial species, encompassing a complicated, multi-stage process that begins with the initial attachment to a surface and progresses to the formation of a structured community. Growth of biofilm is associated with a higher level of mutations as well as with quorum-sensing-regulated mechanisms. Quorum sensing is a process of intercellular communication that allows bacteria to convey information regarding cell density, thereby facilitating adjustments in gene expression and the regulation of virulence factor expression in pathogenic bacteria. Biofilm cells experience significantly greater local cell densities compared to free-floating planktonic cell populations. The heightened quantities of metabolic byproducts, secondary metabolites, and other secreted or expelled microbial substances that biofilm cells experience are an evident result of this. Quorum sensing may coordinate induction to a biofilm lifestyle once the population density crosses a certain threshold level. Strong evidence obtained in multiple bacterial species which quorum sensing coincides with the activation of quorum sensing is formed biofilm formation and activates the maturation of the biofilm in a coordinated way. This chapter aims to address the issues of antibiotic resistance in biofilms by linking the processes of biofilm development and quorum sensing, providing valuable perspectives on potential new treatment approaches. There are several benefits provided by Ready-to-Eat (RTE) street vended foods, but data exists that pathogenic microorganisms may contaminate foods displayed for sale on the side of the road. However, there is a lack of data on the microbial characterization and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends of isolated pathogens from street food in Delhi. Considering Panipuri and noodles are the favorite RTE foods in India, the study aims to examine the occurrence including anti-microbial resistance patterns of common foodborne disease-causing microbes isolated from selected RTE foods. Sixty (60) RTE street-vended food samples from prevalent locations in Delhi, were analyzed by demonstrating mesophilic aerobic bacterial count, yeast and mold count, specified food-borne pathogens, and their AMR trend against clinically significant antibiotics. The mesophilic aerobic bacterial count varied from 1.0 x 102- 2.0 x 106 cfu/g whereas, yeast and mold 40 - 8.5 x 105 cfu/g. Among examined RTE samples, dominant organisms were 31 (51.7%) E. coli, 24 (40%) S. aureus followed by 7 (11.7%) P. aeruginosa, 7 (11.7%) V. cholerae and 5 (8.3%) Salmonella spp. All bacterial isolates showed substantial levels of antibiotic resistance in the antimicrobial susceptibility assays, notably against ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and streptomycin (28.6 - 100%). The result showcased that the majority of RTE food samples were highly contaminated with one or more different pathogens possessing high resistance to existing antibiotics. Thus, a serious vigilance recommendation from the regulatory food authorities needs to come forward with monitoring the microbial risk associated with roadside food hawkers, and awareness among the individuals for food safety and safeguarding in the region. 31 Jan, 2025 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-9-128.php There are several benefits provided by Ready-to-Eat (RTE) street vended foods, but data exists that pathogenic microorganisms may contaminate foods displayed for sale on the side of the road. However, there is a lack of data on the microbial characterization and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends of isolated pathogens from street food in Delhi. Considering Panipuri and noodles are the favorite RTE foods in India, the study aims to examine the occurrence including anti-microbial resistance patterns of common foodborne disease-causing microbes isolated from selected RTE foods. Sixty (60) RTE street-vended food samples from prevalent locations in Delhi, were analyzed by demonstrating mesophilic aerobic bacterial count, yeast and mold count, specified food-borne pathogens, and their AMR trend against clinically significant antibiotics. The mesophilic aerobic bacterial count varied from 1.0 x 102- 2.0 x 106 cfu/g whereas, yeast and mold 40 - 8.5 x 105 cfu/g. Among examined RTE samples, dominant organisms were 31 (51.7%) E. coli, 24 (40%) S. aureus followed by 7 (11.7%) P. aeruginosa, 7 (11.7%) V. cholerae and 5 (8.3%) Salmonella spp. All bacterial isolates showed substantial levels of antibiotic resistance in the antimicrobial susceptibility assays, notably against ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and streptomycin (28.6 - 100%). The result showcased that the majority of RTE food samples were highly contaminated with one or more different pathogens possessing high resistance to existing antibiotics. Thus, a serious vigilance recommendation from the regulatory food authorities needs to come forward with monitoring the microbial risk associated with roadside food hawkers, and awareness among the individuals for food safety and safeguarding in the region. 12 Apr, 2024 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-8-127.php Microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, and viruses are naturally present in different parts of a plant (root, bark, and leaf) and these become inhabitants of the plant. The establishment of modern Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) approaches has therefore been made to evaluate the microbial load in medicinal plants. During the manufacturing of herbal extracts as drugs, the quality of the herbal extracts is dictated by the level of presence of microbes. In order to make the herbal extracts HACCP compliant as far as microbial load is concerned; we carried out studies with Glutaraldehyde (GA) as an antimicrobial agent in the manufacturing process in two randomly selected herbs of Salacia chinensis and Picrorhiza kurroa. The outcome of our analysis revealed that 0.5% of GA treatment to the pulverized raw material of Salacia chinensis and Picrorhiza kurroa is effective for reduction of > 99.99% microbial load with minimal effect on the percentage yield of extracts (10% - 20%) and their bioactive molecules Salacinol and Picroside I&II as seen by LC-MS and HPLC analysis, respectively. Furthermore, in this article, we demonstrate the use of sodium bisulfite for the removal of the residual GA in the extract to make the process eco-friendly and environment-safe. 09 Jan, 2024 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-8-126.php Pathogenicity studies on oleander plants take a long time and require significant costs to confirm the identification of isolates and to verify their pathogenicity. In this study, the carrot slice test was used as a rapid method for Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii. The test is suitable for the investigation of tumorigenicity of 25 Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii isolates from different parts of Hungary. On carrot slices, the first characteristic knots were observed 7 days after inoculation and were fully developed 16 days after inoculation. The one-year oleander plants used to confirm the pathogenicity of the bacteria were inoculated with a bacterial suspension to confirm the reliability of the carrot slice test. Characteristic symptoms of knots were observed on all oleander plants 46 days after inoculation. The results showed that the carrot slice method is a straightforward, rapid, and reliable method for testing and confirming tumor formation of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii without plants. 29 Dec, 2023 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-7-125.php Many food-borne diseases are associated with the consumption of chicken meat and thus are of public health significance worldwide. A cross-sectional study was done to isolate, identify, and characterize bacteria from chicken meat samples of Bharatpur, Chitwan. A total of 102 samples were randomly collected and processed at the Microbiology laboratory of Birendra Multiple Campus, Chitwan for three months (May-July 2016). One gram of each sample was crushed on 9 ml distilled water in a sterile mortar pestle followed by serial dilution and inoculation of 0.1 ml sample into suitable culture media and incubated at 37 оC for 24 hours. Identification of the isolates was done by microscopic examination and biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of 102 meat samples, the growth positivity rate was 94.0% (n = 96/102) on all of the culture media. 26/48 fresh and 44/54 frozen samples gave positive growth with 36 isolates from fresh and 60 isolates from frozen meat samples, with the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus 26(27.08%), Pseudomonas spp 6(6.25%), Proteus spp 4(4.16%), Escherichia coli 22(22.91%), Salmonella spp 16(16.66%), Citrobacter spp 8(8.33), Acinetobacter spp 8(8.33%), Streptococcus spp 2(2.08%), Shigella spp 4(4.16%) and Vibrio spp 2(2.08%). Cefalexin (92.85%) was the most effective antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria followed by Amoxicillin (71.42%) and Methicillin (64.28%). The least effective antibiotic was Ampicillin (50%). Similarly, Gentamicin (76.47%) followed by Nalidixic acid (41.47%) were effective against Gram-negative bacteria, while some showed resistance to all three classes of drugs exhibiting MDR. 12 Dec, 2023 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-7-124.php The Silica, primarily sourced from silicon dioxide (SiO2) is a common chemical compound abundant in nature, existing in various forms such as quartz, sand, glass, and diverse minerals. It finds extensive use across multiple industries, contributing significantly to glassmaking, ceramics, abrasives, refractory materials, and serving as a crucial component in semiconductor production for electronic chips. This work provides a comprehensive review of the silica elaboration process aimed at obtaining silicon. The initial stage involves the preparation of raw materials, utilizing Algerian sand and diatomite, which undergo meticulous chemical treatment to eliminate unwanted impurities. This method comprises distinct steps, known as the purification process, wherein the sand or diatomite shell is assessed through dissolution in a caustic alkaline solution. This approach indicates the potential to generate high-quality silica from diatomite using an aqueous chemical process. This paper explores the prospect of sand or diatomaceous earth as a novel source of premium-grade silica. It discusses the effects of hydrochloric acid as a solvent for purification. This study contrasts treatment methods before and after acid leaching, focusing on samples with larger particle sizes (ranging from 53 to 300 microns), shorter refining durations (1 to 6 hours), and relatively higher temperatures (30 °C to 70 °C). The findings reveal that the highest purity of silica was attained through HCl treatment (25%). 20 May, 2023 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-7-123.php Standard urine culture is still considered a gold standard in the identification of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), but is time-consuming and in approximately 20% of patients with UTI symptoms produces false-negative results. Medical and scientific communities are in search of a faster, more accurate, yet affordable method with high clinical utility. As a supplement to standard culture in routine practice Urine Flow Cytometer (UFC) screening method is used, in order to detect negative urine culture samples. This allows for shortening issuing time for sterile urine culture reports and the cost of the analysis itself. In addition, urine dipstick tests and microscopic examinations of urine sediment can also be performed in biochemical laboratories but are usually preceded by urine culture. Nowadays, advanced methods such as proteomics and genomics are used to identify pathogens causing UTIs but are still used mainly for scientific purposes and rarely in clinical practice. From genomic methods PCR, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metagenome sequencing are being researched. PCR is great for targeted diagnostics, 16S RNA gene amplification can determine bacterial genera and their abundance, but is not good for in-depth species analysis, while metagenomics is the most comprehensive and unbiased method. The proteomics field also offers several methods for microbial identification, with MS as the leading one. Clinical applications of MS platforms usually imply MALDI-TOF MS analyzers which produce a characteristic spectrum called peptide mass fingerprint or more present for scientific purposes LC-MS/MS-based peptide sequencing. 31 Dec, 2022 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-6-122.php Even as the world continues to grieve for those lost to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, another pandemic is brewing that has the potential to kill hundreds of millions of people in a century or less. In the far future, patients’ lives are being cut short in hospital wards by the stealthy but widespread epidemic of antimicrobial resistance. Unfortunately, the global health community is now confronting the silently growing pandemic that could threaten some of the most significant advancements in contemporary medicine. Considering that current medical professionals will eventually pass the torch to their students, who will hopefully lead to further improvements in antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic usage, medical students have the opportunity to contribute to a long-term solution to this problem. Future medical professionals, then, need to be better equipped to make prudent and economical use of antimicrobials. 28 Dec, 2022 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-6-121.php Objective: This study seeks to identify a more sensitive smear microscopy method for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in low-resource centers. Materials and methods: One hundred and forty sputum specimens were collected and direct smears were prepared as the specimen was submitted. The specimens were afterward digested/decontaminated using the modified Petroff’s method. Both smear methods were stained by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique and examined. All specimens (direct and concentrated) were cultured on a Lowenstein-Jensen medium and results were considered the gold standard to calculate sensitivity. Results: Out of 140 specimens, 27 (19%) and 34 (24%) were positive by direct and concentrated methods respectively. The number of culture positives by the direct and concentrated method was 26 (19%) and 31(22%) respectively. The sensitivity of direct and concentrated methods was 92.3% and 100% respectively. The negative culture and contamination rate was minimum with the concentrated method. The diagnostic accuracy of direct and concentrated methods was 88.6% and 97.1%.  Conclusion: In summary, results showed concentrated techniques were able to detect more true positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis than the direct smear method. Therefore, the study region with AFB smear microscopy can utilize the concentrated smear method for AFB smear microscopy to improve the case-finding strategy. 17 Jul, 2021 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-5-120.php Disruption of the oral microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of oral diseases such as gingivitis. It is desired to explorer for a natural material that is safe for the body and specifically suppresses the growth of periodontopathic bacteria. Hericium erinaceus, which is consumed as food or used as a herbal medicine in East Asia, has been previously reported to inhibit bacterial growth. However, few studies addressed its effects on oral bacteria. Here we determined the effects of H. Erinaceus Powder (HEP) on the periodontal pathogenic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis and a nonpathogenic commensal bacterium Streptococcus gordonii. The antibacterial activity of HEP were evaluated by colony forming unit assay. As a result, HEP significantly inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis in a concentration-dependent manner, but in contrast, did not exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. gordonii. H. erinaceus may selectively inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis and be useful for prevention of periodontal disease. 26 May, 2021 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-5-119.php An attempt was made to use the Diophantine equations for the analysis of S-shaped curves of the growth of microorganisms. The most famous of such equations are the equation of the Pythagorean Theorem and the equation of Fermat’s Last Theorem, FLT. The article does not claim to prove FLT, but it shows interesting facts for biological objects - there are cells of microorganisms that are growing according to the S-shaped growth curve. It was shown by using of an elementary algebra that the solution of the equation an + bn = cn cannot simultaneously have three integer nonzero roots “a”, “b” and “c” for integers n> 2. It was shown, that the same unsolvable situation can accompany the analysis if n = 2. Last case occurs due to the fact that the irreducible complexity containing the major, Φ, and minor, φ, numbers is always preserved for pairs of numbers with “a” and “c”, or with “b” and “c”. An attempt of practical application in biology of the found patterns were shown as a hypothesis, which has a fairly plausible explanation using the models used for the analysis in this paper. 05 Feb, 2021 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-5-118.php Marine bioactive peptides are deliberated as an abundant source of natural products that may give long-hual fitness, in comparison to other resources. Numerous literature concerning bioactive peptides from marine proteobacteria has been summarized, which shows the possibleness of therapeutic efficacy comprehensive wide spectra of bioactivities against many infectious agents. Their antimicrobial, antitumor, antiviral, and other bioactivities have gained an attention for the medicine development toward a new flow of drug explicate, for therapy and control of several diseases. Nonetheless, the execution of the action of several peptides has been still unexplored. So in this glance, this mini-review is focused on some peptides by which they intervene with microbial infection. This compilation is one of the main extract to be implicit particularly for the conversion of biomolecules into desired medicines. 08 Jan, 2021 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-5-117.php Aims: Identifying the alterations occurred in the bacteriology of the dermic layer of the abdominal wall in patients who underwent a colostomy, through the qualitative and quantitative determination of the pericolostomic colonization. Methods: 19 cases have been carried out in the sigmoid colon. As for the age range, we have observed that the average age was 52 years. All patients have been colostomized for more than seven weeks. Results: The aerobic bacterium more often found was the Escherichia coli. Among the anaerobic bacteria, the most frequent one was the Bacteroides spp (44.5%), in the benign colorectal condition, and the Peptococcus spp (43.7%) in the malign colorectal neoplasic condition. In the study of the association made between the presence of microorganism and the kind of medical condition, the Enterobacter spp bacterium had a higher incidence in the malign colorectal condition. The quantitative study showed variable rates in the number of colonies and microorganisms per gram of tissue, which is compatible with the qualitative analysis. Conclusions: There is an alteration in the bacterial colonization in the dermic area in the pericolostomic region, as a result from the colonization of this area by bacteria present in the intestinal matter. 01 Oct, 2020 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-4-116.php Introduction: The incidence of purulent pleurisy is on the rise in several series in the literature. It is a significant cause of morbidity in pediatrics. The main objective of our study is to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the prognosis of purulent pleurisy of the child. Material and methods: We conducted an 11-year retrospective study (2008-2019), including 74 children with documented pleurisy, who were hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics A of the Mohammed VI University Medical Center in Marrakesh. Results: Purulent pleurisy accounts for 0.5% of pathologies in children. The average age was 4.5 years, with a male predominance (70% of boys). The average time before consultation was 15 days. Respiratory symptoms were cough (82%), chest pain (41%), and dyspnea (29%). Clinical examination revealed fluid effusion syndrome (97%). On chest X-ray, the effusion was often unilateral (95%), of average or large abundance (48% and 46% respectively). Thoracocentesis for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes was performed in 84% of cases. Surgery for complicated pleurisy or drainage failure was reported in 20% of patients. Conclusions: Pneumococcus and Staphylococcus aureus remain the main germs of the child’s purulent pleurisy. Thanks to the exclusive use of chest drainage associated with antibiotic therapy, the prognosis of our patients is satisfactory. 07 Sep, 2020 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-4-115.php Neonatal pneumococcal meningitis is rare, but serious due to its high mortality and severe psychomotor and neurosensory sequelae. We report six cases of pneumococcal meningitis collected at the neonatal and neonatal resuscitation department of the CHU Mohamed VI, from January 2014 to July 2020. The aim of our work is to study the peculiarities, clinical, bacteriological, evolutionary of this pathology, and to analyze its transmission during the neonatal period. four patients are aged respectively, one day for one patient, 2 two days for 2 patients and three days for the 4th patient, so the most probable transmission route is transplacental. The other 2 patients were between 6 days and 15 days old, which suggests the probability of exogenous transmission. The clinical picture is variable and atypical, the fever associated with refusal of suckling is found in 100% of patients thus representing the most constant sign. Direct examination of the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) identified the germ in all six cases. The evolution was favorable and the complications are encountered in three patients. 23 May, 2020 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-4-114.php Phages are potential cause of failure of bacteria-driven production processes. 04 Apr, 2020 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-4-113.php Mdr genes in association with many drug efflux and metal efflux genes are creating pathogenesis due to antibiotic void. However, most dangerous step occurred when R-plasmids and integrons (~2-9kb) were combined with F’-conjugative plasmid (62.5kb) creating large MDR conjugative plasmids that easily donated 6-15 mdr genes to gut microbiota as well as environmental bacteria. Notably, 2-4x1012 human gut microbiota are very valuable in our body for vitamins synthesis and coenzymes perform >30,000 enzymatic reactions of human and animal metabolosome. It seems mdr gene creation is becoming more easy day by day as plasmids have acquired many gene creation genes like recombinases, DNA polymerases, DNA topoisomerases, integrases and transposases. In truth, antibiotics pressure was so instrumental that 25-40% bacteria of Ganga River and Bay of Bengal water were ampicillin and tetracycline resistant and more than 20 class of β-lactamases and drug transporters were generated in MDR plasmids with millions of mutated isomers increasing drugs MIC. When isolated superbugs were injected into male Wister rats, no detectable toxicity was observed up to 3-6 months follow up. 12 Mar, 2020 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-4-112.php Aerobic Endospore-Forming Bacteria (AEFB) are taxonomically and physiologically diverse, comprising species of genus Bacillus and related genera of industrial and medical importance. For taxonomic purpose, we applied the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry with time-of-flight to identify 64 environmental AEFB (SDF for Solo do Distrito Federal) and compare the results with those obtained using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Concordance between the two methods was observed for 93,75% samples at the genus level. Strains were clustered between 2 genera (family Bacillaceae): Bacillus, the most prevalent, and Lysinibacillus. Two other genera, Brevibacillus and Paenibacillus (family Paenibacillaceae) were also distinguished. Gene similarity discriminated an additional genus (Rummeliibacillus). At the species level, the genotyping method achieved superior capacity identifying 93,75% strains. Among 31 strains identified at the species level by protein profiling, 61.29% coincided and both, protein and gene profiling, placed other 32.25% strains within groups of closely related species of Bacillus bearing two or even more species alternatives within the same affiliation cluster. These results suggested the applicability of the score and sequence similarity ranges in a complementary way for initial identification and clustering of closely related samples inside these 64 SDF strains. Our assignments are useful because they clearly identify the genera and restrict the identity of a strain to one or two possible species in the genera, thus clarifying their genetic interrelationships. This study also stresses that combining phenotypic and genotypic methods into polyphasic approaches is essential for a robust assignment of the remarkable genetic and ecological diversity of AEFB. 25 Nov, 2019 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-3-111.php Bioterrorism is release of biological agents such bacteria, viruses and toxin in peoples to reduce their population by causing illness which is leads to death. These bio-wars are continue panic threat in public health which is ignored and denier. 13 Aug, 2019 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-3-110.php The authors try to describe the Microbiota Diseases, like a process thatbrings together a number of conditions, caused by dysbiosis and that occur fudamentally in the devices and systems: Immunological, Gastrointestinal, Dermatological, Psychiatric, Neurological, Endocrinological and others. 03 Jul, 2019 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-3-109.php Background: Dipstick test is a rapid test for diagnosis of urinary track infections (UTIs). Rapid test should be accurate so that does not give a lot of false results that may subject patients to wrong treatments especially when used alone. Therefore, this study was set to determine the diagnostic performance of dipsticks tests by comparing with a standard urine culture 25 Jan, 2019 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-3-108.php Objective of present study was to understand the knowledge of students about infection, causes and cure of glanders. Glanders is an infection in humans and in animals. It is a bacterial disease caused by Burkholderia mallei. Glanders is mainly a disease which affect on horses, and some time cats, rabbits, humans or other animals. People are infected by direct contact with infected animals. The peoples have been suffered by glanders and it affect on their nasal discharge, saliva and in urine. Important information was collected by many questions e.g. is glanders a bacterial or viral, genetic or metabolic? 200 students participated in this project. 01 Aug, 2018 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-2-107.php Previous work has demonstrated that Bacillus megaterium, besides showing an elevated resistance to heavy metals, possesses the ability to remove metals like Ni, Hg, and V from liquid media. Notably, Ni represents a highly valuable metal commonly found in industrial wastes, whose removal from environment is crucial, as it is considered a dangerous toxic metal. 06 Feb, 2018 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-2-106.php Blood culture provides an undeniable ideal aid in the diagnosis of neonatal infection, its result is reliable. The aim of our work was to evaluate the bacteriological profi le of bacteraemias, newborns admitted from the hospital maternity IBN TOFAIL. 20 Feb, 2017 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-1-105.php Background/Purpose: Recently, Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a health care concern due to its production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and its resistance to carbapenem. 16 Feb, 2017 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-1-104.php The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different surface sterilization protocols on retained rhizoplane bacterial DNA of banana. Viable rhizoplane bacteria and bacterial DNA copies of banana roots were treated with four sterilization agents: 11 Feb, 2017 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-1-103.php Tuberculosis has emerged as a major world health problem, with almost one-third of the world population today infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (M. tuberculosis). This gram-positive bacterium makes so many complications in its eradication completely. 25 Jan, 2017 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-1-102.php An asymmetrical sharing of adhesion molecules throughout the cell surface of the M. tuberculosis and their signifi cant associative role in host-pathogen interaction remains elusive. The continual researches in host-pathogen interaction mechanism revealed certain potential adhesins that facilitates ycobacterium adherence to host cells surface. 23 Jan, 2017 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJB-1-101.php The intestinal microbiota of fi sh are the major cause for spoilage. To elucidate the bacterial and fungal community of guts, the bacterial and fungal taxa in foreguts and hindguts of crucian carp (Carassius aumtus) were analyzed by Illumina-based sequencing